Cabbage is a biennial or perennial herbaceous plant in the Brassicaceae family. The lower leaves of the plant are large, with a feather like and deeply lobed large head, wavy edges, and fine round teeth. The upper leaves are oblong, with the entire margin and embracing the stem. All leaf flesh is hairless and covered with white powdery frost; The flowers are light yellow in color, with inverted petals; Long horned fruit cylindrical; Seed spherical, gray brown in color; The flowering period is from May to June; The fruiting period is from July to August. Due to its high glucose content, it has a slightly sweet taste when eaten, and its leaves are similar to the Chinese native "Polygonum blue" and are shaped layer by layer into a spherical shape, hence the name "cabbage".

Wrinkled cabbage is a 2-year-old herbaceous plant of the Brassicaceae family and the Brassica genus. It is one of several varieties of cabbage, covered in powdery frost. Unbranched, green or grayish green. The leaves and leaf balls are covered with folds, and the growth of thin-walled tissue on the leaves is faster than that of leaf veins, resulting in a larger leaf surface area. When the leaves are not large, they form leaf balls and the base embraces the stem; The inflorescence is terminal and axillary; The flower is light yellow in color, with upright sepals that are linear and oblong in shape. The petals are wide and elliptical, with an inverted or nearly circular shape. The veins are prominent, with a slight deficiency at the top and a sudden narrowing of the base into claws. The midrib protrudes, and the beak is conical in shape. The stem is thick and erect, and the seed is spherical and brown. Flowers bloom in April and bear fruit in May.

Purple cabbage, also known as red cabbage or red cabbage, commonly known as purple cabbage, is a variety of cabbage species in the Brassicaceae family and the Brassica genus. It is a type of heading cabbage. Purple cabbage leaves are purple red in color, with wax powder on the surface and nearly circular leaf balls. The nutritional components of purple cabbage include carbohydrates, protein, folate, ascorbic acid, vitamin A, tocopherol and other vitamins, as well as minerals such as copper, iron, selenium, calcium, manganese, zinc, etc.